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''Pacific 231'' is an orchestral work by Arthur Honegger, written in 1923. Honegger was widely known as a train enthusiast, and once notably said: "I have always loved locomotives passionately. For me they are living creatures and I love them as others love women or horses." It is one of his most frequently performed works. ==Description== The popular interpretation of the piece is that it depicts a steam locomotive, an interpretation that is supported by the title of the piece. Honegger, however, insisted that he wrote it as an exercise in building momentum while the tempo of the piece slows. He originally titled it Mouvement Symphonique, only giving it the name ''Pacific 231'', a class of steam locomotive designated in Whyte notation as a 4-6-2, with four pilot wheels, six driving wheels, and two trailing wheels (the French, who count axles rather than wheels when describing locomotives, call this arrangement 2-3-1) after it was finished. ==Orchestration== The orchestration consists of the following: 2 flutes, piccolo flute, 2 oboes, English horn, 2 clarinets, bass clarinet, 2 bassoons, contrabassoon – 4 French horns, 3 trumpets, 3 trombones, tuba, – 4 percussionists (tenor drum, cymbal, bass drum, tam tam) – strings. ''Pacific 231'' is the first in Honegger's series of three symphonic movements. The other two are ''Rugby'' and ''Mouvement Symphonique No. 3''. Honegger lamented that his "poor ''Symphonic Movement No. 3'' paid dearly for its barren title." Critics generally ignored it, while ''Pacific 231'' and ''Rugby'', with more evocative titles, have been written about in depth. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Pacific 231」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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